British Frigate HMS Juno (1780) Ships Biography

HMS Juno (1780)

Great Britain
Class: Amazon - Fifth Rate
(Amazon Class Frigates URL)
http://www.sailsofglory.org/showthre...igates-of-1773
Armament: 32 guns (24x12pdr, 4x6pdr, 4x18pdr Carronades)
Compliment: 220
Launched: 14 December 1780
Length: 126ft 6.5 (38.6m) in overall, 104ft 7.5 (31.9m) in keel
Weight or Tonnage: 689 bm
Draft: 8 ft (2.4384 m)

Notable Captains:
James Montagu September 1780 – March 1785
Samuel Hood May 1790 - October 1795
Lord Amelius Beauclerk October 1795 - January 1796
George Dundas August 1798 - 1802
Isaac Manley 1802 – 1802
Henry Richardson April 1803 - February 1807
Charles Schomberg February 1807 - July 1807
Granville Proby July 1807

Theatres of War:
American War of Independence:
- 1780, British waters and the Atlantic.
- February 10, 1781 captured the American privateer Revanche (or Revenge) off Beachy Head.
(Sloop Zebra in support)
- Early 1782, joined Richard Bickerton's squadron operating in the East Indies.
- June 20 1783, Battle of Cuddalore
- March 1785, Returned to Britain to be paid off.

Placed in ordinary: 1785 – 1790

French Revolutionary Wars:
- mid-1790 stationed in Jamaica
- September 1791 returned to Britain and paid off
- January 1793 recommissioned
- February 17 1793 captured the privateer Entreprenant.
- March 2 1793 captured the Palme
- April 1 1793 captured the Laborieux (together with HMS Aimable)
- May 1793 transferred to the Mediterranean
- January 11 1794 Hood sailed into the enemy held port of Toulon in error, escaped.
- February 7 1794 attack on a tower at Mortella Point, Corsica (Supporting HMS Fortitude 74)
- October 1795 returned to Britain with a convoy.
- January 1796 paid off

August 1798 re commissioned

- August 1799 operated with a British squadron in the Helder
- August 11 – 13 , 1799 Cutting out raid at Schiermonnikoog, capturing Crash, a Dutch schooner Vengeance, the Vier Vendou, the Jonge Gessina and 4 schuyts or galiots,

Early 1800 sailed for Jamaica:
- October 1 1800 capture of the Aquila (HMS Melampus, and HMS Retribution were in company)

Napoleonic Wars:
- September 8,1803 captured the 4-gun privateer Quatre Fils
- 1805 arrived at Gibraltar to harass coastal shipping
- 1806 active in the Bay of Naples, supporting Sidney Smith's operations

FATE:
- 1807 Returned to Britain, placed in ordinary at Woolwich after her arrival.
- July 1811, was broken up there in July 1811

Attachment 6426

Narrative:

Attachment 6432
The Battle of Cuddalore, by Auguste Jugelet, 1836.

HMS Juno was a Royal Navy 32-gun Amazon-class fifth rate. This frigate served during the American War of Independence, and the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars.

Construction and commissioning Juno was ordered on 21 October 1778 and laid down in December that year at the yards of the shipbuilder Robert Batson & Co, of Limehouse. She was launched on 30 September 1780 and completed by 14 December 1780 that year at Deptford Dockyard. £8,500.1.5d was paid to the builder, with a further £8,184.18.1d being spent on fitting her out and having her coppered.

Early years:
Juno was commissioned under the command of her first captain, James Montagu, in September 1780. Montagu commanded her for the next five years, initially in British waters and the Atlantic.

On 10 February 1781 Juno and the sloop Zebra captured the American privateer (or Revenge) Revanche off Beachy Head. Montagu then sailed the Juno in early 1782 to join Richard Bickerton's squadron operating in the East Indies.

She was present at the Battle of Cuddalore on 20 June 1783, and returned to Britain to be paid off in March 1785. After fitting out the following month Juno was placed in ordinary. She spent the next five years in this state, with the exception of a small repair at Woolwich Dockyard in 1788 at a cost of £9,042.

French Revolutionary Wars:
Juno returned to active service in May 1790, now under the command of Captain Samuel Hood. Hood sailed to Jamaica in mid-1790, but had returned to Britain and paid off the Juno in September 1791. Hood however remained in command, and the Juno was fitted out and recommissioned, undergoing a refit at Portsmouth in January 1793. Hood initially cruised in the English Channel after the outbreak of the French Revolutionary Wars, capturing the privateers Entreprenant on 17 February, Palme on 2 March and, together with HMS Aimable, Laborieux in April.

Hood was then transferred to the Mediterranean in May 1793.
Juno was at Toulon during its period of British control under Samuel Hood, Juno's captain's cousin once removed. Unaware that Toulon had fallen to French republican forces, Hood made the mistake of sailing into the port on 11 January 1794, several days after the evacuation of the British forces. Juno came under point-blank fire from French batteries, but was able to escape with only light damage.

On 7 February 1794 Juno and the 74-gun HMS Fortitude carried out an attack on a tower at Mortella Point, on the coast of Corsica. The design of the tower allowed it to hold out against the British for several days, and inspired the design of the subsequent Martello Towers constructed in Great Britain and other British possessions.

Captain Lord Amelius Beauclerk succeeded Hood, who returned to Britain with a convoy in October 1795, and paid her off in January the following year.
Juno spent the next two years being repaired and refitted at Deptford for the sum of £20,442. She was recommissioned in August 1798 under the command of Captain George Dundas.[4] She operated with a British squadron in the Helder in August 1799 that resulted in the surrender on 13 August, without firing of a shot, of a Dutch squadron of one small 74, six 64s, two 50s, and six 44s, five frigates, three corvettes, and one brig. (From 7 November to 30 December 1802 prize money resulting from the expedition to Holland became due for payment.)

Schiermonnikoog On 11 August 1799, the 16-gun sloop Pylades, under Captain Adam Mackenzie, the 16-gun brig-sloop Espiegle, under Captain James Boorder, the 12-gun hired cutter Courier, and Juno and Latona, which sent their boats, mounted an attack on Crash, which was moored between the island of Schiermonnikoog and Groningen.

Pylades and Espiegle engaged Crash, which surrendered after a strong resistance. MacKenzie immediately put Crash into service under Lieutenant James Slade, Latona's first lieutenant.[8] In the attack, Pylades lost one man killed and three wounded. Juno lost one man killed when the boats attacked a gun-schooner.

The next day the British captured one schyut and burnt a second. MacKenzie put Lieutenant Salusbury Pryce Humphreys of Juno on the captured schuyt after arming her with two 12-pounder carronades and naming her the Undaunted.

On 13 August the British attacked the Dutch schooner Vengeance (or Weerwrack or Waarwrick), of six cannons (two of them 24-pounders), and a battery on Schiermonnikoog. The British were able to burn the Vengeance and spike the battery's four guns. They also captured a rowboat with 30 men and two brass 4-pounder field pieces, and spiked another 12-pounder. The Courier grounded but was saved. Including Undaunted, the British captured three schuyts or galiots, the Vier Vendou, the Jonge Gessina and one other. The battle would earn those seamen who survived until 1847 the Naval General Service Medal with clasp "Schiermonnikoog 12 August. 1799".
In early 1800 Juno sailed for Jamaica. On 1 October Juno, Melampus, and Retribution were in company when they captured the Aquila.
Napoleonic Wars Captain Isaac Manley took command in 1802, paying off Juno in the middle of the year. A further refit followed, with Juno returning to sea under the command of Captain Henry Richardson. Richardson took Juno to the Mediterranean in April 1803, where he captured the 4-gun privateer Quatre Fils on 8 September 1803.

In 1805 Juno and several other frigates and sloops arrived at Gibraltar where Nelson employed them to harass coastal shipping that was resupplying the Franco-Spanish fleet at Cadiz.

In 1806 Juno was then active in the Bay of Naples, supporting Sidney Smith's operations there. When Smith had arrived in Palermo on 21 April 1806 he found that Gaeta still held out against the French even though the Neapolitan government had had to cede the capital. Smith had immediately sent two convoys to Gaeta with supplies and ammunition and landed four 32-poundeer guns from Excellent. Smith also stationed Juno off Gaeta, where she was in a flotilla together with the Neapolitan frigate Minerva, Captain Vieugna, and 12 Neapolitan gun-boats.

Next, the French erected a battery of four guns on the point of La Madona della Catena. The Prince of Hesse-Philipstad put 60 men from the garrison at Gaeta in four fishing-boats and on the night of 12 May Richardson took them and the boats from Juno and Minerva to a small bay in the French rear. As the boats reached shore, the French signaled the attack and abandoned the battery. The landing party spiked the guns and destroyed the carriages unopposed. It then re-embarked, having sustained no losses.

On 15 May the garrison at Gaeta made another modestly successful sortie. Two divisions of gunboats supported the operation. Richardson commanded one division. Juno's boats, under the command of Lieutenant Thomas Wells, assisted by Lieutenant of marines Robert M. Mant joined the attack. Juno's boats sustained the allies' only loss, which consisted of four seamen killed and five wounded.

On 18 July 1806 the French under André Masséna captured Gaeta after an heroic defence. In 1809 it became a duché grand-fief in the Napoleonic Kingdom of Naples, but under the French name "Gaete", for finance minister Martin-Michel-Charles Gaudin.


Captain Charles Schomberg succeeded Richardson in February 1807. Captain Granville Proby replaced Schomberg in July that year, with orders to sail Juno back to Britain. She was placed in ordinary at Woolwich after her arrival, and was broken up there in July 1811.

Napoleonic Wars Captain Isaac Manley took command in 1802, paying off Juno in the middle of the year. A further refit followed, with Juno returning to sea under the command of Captain Henry Richardson. Richardson took Juno to the Mediterranean in April 1803, where he captured the 4-gun privateer Quatre Fils on 8 September 1803.

In 1805 Juno and several other frigates and sloops arrived at Gibraltar where Nelson employed them to harass coastal shipping that was resupplying the Franco-Spanish fleet at Cadiz.

In 1806 Juno was then active in the Bay of Naples, supporting Sidney Smith's operations there. When Smith had arrived in Palermo on 21 April 1806 he found that Gaeta still held out against the French even though the Neapolitan government had had to cede the capital. Smith had immediately sent two convoys to Gaeta with supplies and ammunition and landed four 32-poundeer guns from Excellent. Smith also stationed Juno off Gaeta, where she was in a flotilla together with the Neapolitan frigate Minerva, Captain Vieugna, and 12 Neapolitan gun-boats.

Next, the French erected a battery of four guns on the point of La Madona della Catena. The Prince of Hesse-Philipstad put 60 men from the garrison at Gaeta in four fishing-boats and on the night of 12 May Richardson took them and the boats from Juno and Minerva to a small bay in the French rear. As the boats reached shore, the French signaled the attack and abandoned the battery. The landing party spiked the guns and destroyed the carriages unopposed. It then re-embarked, having sustained no losses.

On 15 May the garrison at Gaeta made another modestly successful sortie. Two divisions of gunboats supported the operation. Richardson commanded one division. Juno's boats, under the command of Lieutenant Thomas Wells, assisted by Lieutenant of marines Robert M. Mant joined the attack. Juno's boats sustained the allies' only loss, which consisted of four seamen killed and five wounded.

On 18 July 1806 the French under André Masséna captured Gaeta after an heroic defence. In 1809 it became a duché grand-fief in the Napoleonic Kingdom of Naples, but under the French name "Gaete", for finance minister Martin-Michel-Charles Gaudin.

Fate
Captain Charles Schomberg succeeded Richardson in February 1807. Captain Granville Proby replaced Schomberg in July that year, with orders to sail Juno back to Britain. She was placed in ordinary at Woolwich after her arrival, and was broken up there in July 1811.

STILL UNDER CONSTRUCTION

Attachment 6434

Reserved

Erin, your work on these will be a great benefit to us all. Well done and thank you very much. :hatsoff: